Abstract：Objective To analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota in colorectal adenoma (CRA) and to build a model to screen early colorectal lesions. Methods A total of 96 patients with CRA who underwent colonoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2017 to July 2018 were enrolled as CRA group, and 59 healthy subjects with normal colonoscopy during the same period were enrolled as control group. All subjects underwent faecal occult blood test (FOBT) and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection. The gut microbiota composition of two groups was compared by 16S rRNA sequencing, and the weighted dysbiosis index (WDI) model was constructed based on the different strains of two groups, and the efficacy of the model, FOBT, and CEA in the diagnosis of CRA was analyzed. Results Compared with control group, the abundance of Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Parabacteroides Merdae, and Fusobacterium were increased in CRA group; while the abundance of Actinobacteria, Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Streptococcus, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Fusobacterium Ulcerans were decreased. The sensitivity of FOBT in the diagnosis of CRA was 15.63%, specificity was 91.53%, the false positive rate was 8.47%, the false negalive rate was 84.38%; the sensitivity of CEA in the diagnosis of CRA was 71.88%, specificity was 52.54%, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.614; the sensitivity of WDI in the diagnosis of CRA was 83.33%, specificity was 71.19%, AUC was 0.795. Conclusion The composition of gut microbiota of CRA showes characteristic changes. The sensitivity of WDI model is better than that of FOBT and serum CEA, which may be a potential marker for early screening of colorectal tumors.
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