锥形线束CT应用于下颌第一前磨牙解剖系统的研究

doi:10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2023.23.26

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摘要目的通过锥形线束CT（CBCT）扫描探究下颌第一前磨牙牙根及根管形态特点。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2022年1月在广东省中山市博爱医院行CBCT检查的376例患者下颌第一前磨牙的影像学参数，包括牙根数目、根管分型、牙根长度、根管弯曲度、根面沟起始位置、根面沟外形、颊髓角与颊侧釉牙骨质界连线和颊舌侧釉牙骨质界连线的交角（BB-BL）。比较不同性别（男188例，女188例）和不同年龄（16～25岁126例，＞25～35岁90例，＞35～45岁73例，＞45～55岁51例，＞55岁36例）患者CBCT影像学参数差异及其与性别、年龄的相关性，并分析不同性别、年龄、牙根数目患者下颌第一前磨牙解剖学结构对称性。结果 376例患者右侧下颌第一前磨牙根管长度为（15.19±1.55）mm；BB-BL为（38.10±6.14）°，其中单牙根、Ⅰ型根管、牙根二级弯曲、无根面沟者占比较高。99例患者存在根面沟，其中根面沟起始位置为根尖1/3段、根面沟位于牙根近中面者占比较高。不同性别患者根管分型、牙根长度、BB-BL比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。存在根面沟的不同性别患者根面沟外形比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同年龄段患者BB-BL比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男、女性患者年龄与BB-BL均呈负相关（r＜0，P＜0.05）。单牙根患者根管对称率高于双牙根患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论下颌第一前磨牙牙根及根管形态各异，CBCT有助于牙根和根管形态的检查，能够为根管治疗提供参考。

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	郑文文　　邱小玲

关键词 ：下颌第一前磨牙, 牙根, 根管形态, 锥形线束CT

Abstract：Objective To study the morphological characteristics of the root and root canal of the first premolar of mandible by cone beam CT (CBCT) scanning. Methods The imaging parameters of the first premolar of mandible in 376 patients who underwent CBCT examination in Boai Hospital of Zhongshan, Guangdong Province from June 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, the imaging parameters included the number of roots, root canal classification, root length, root canal curvature, starting position of root sulcus, appearance of root sulcus, and intersection angle between the line of buccal pulp angle and buccal enamelo-cemental junction and the buccal-lingual enamelo-cemental junction (BB-BL). The differences of CBCT imaging parameters were compared in patients with different genders (188 males and 188 females) and different ages (126 patients aged 16-25 years, 90 patients aged ＞25-35 years, 73 patients aged ＞35-45 years, 51 patients aged ＞45-55 years, and 36 patients aged ＞55 years) and their correlation with gender and age were analyzed. The anatomical structure symmetry of the first premolar of mandible in patients with different sex, age, and number of roots was analyzed. Results Root canal length of the right mandibular first premolar in 376 patients was (15.19±1.55) mm; BB-BL was (38.10±6.14)°, and the proportion of single root, type Ⅰ root canal, secondary root curvature, and no root sulcus were higher. In 99 patients with the presence of root sulcus, the proportion of starting position of root sulcus which at 1/3 of the root tip, and the root sulcus which located at the mesial root were higher. There were significant differences in root canal classification, tooth root length, and BB-BL among different gender patients (P＜0.05). There was statistical significance in the appearance of root sulcus between different genders of patients with the presence of root sulcus (P＜0.05). The BB-BL of patients of different ages was compared, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The age of male and female patients were both negatively correlated with BB-BL (r＜0, P＜0.05). The rate of root canal symmetry in patients with single root was higher than that in patients with double root, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The root and root canal morphology of the first premolar of mandible are different. CBCT is helpful to the examination of root and root canal morphology and can provide reference for root canal treatment.

Key words： The first premolar of mandible Root Root canal morphology Cone beam CT

基金资助:广东省医学科研基金项目（A2019120）。

通讯作者: 邱小玲（1981.12-），女，博士，副主任医师；研究方向：口腔牙体牙髓。

作者简介: 郑文文（1990.12-），女，南方医科大学2021级口腔医学专业在读硕士研究生，现工作于广东省中山市博爱医院；研究方向：口腔医学。

引用本文:

郑文文　　邱小玲. 锥形线束CT应用于下颌第一前磨牙解剖系统的研究[J]. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(23): 119-124.
ZHENG Wenwen QIU Xiaoling. Study on the application of cone beam CT in the anatomic system of the first premolar of mandible. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(23): 119-124.

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