葡萄糖及谷氨酰胺代谢调控干细胞命运

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摘要干细胞的代谢状态随发育阶段而变化。反过来，细胞的代谢模式，特别是葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢，影响干细胞的生物学活动。在分化过程中，干细胞能量代谢模式从糖酵解供能转变为三羧酸循环及氧化磷酸化供能。大量研究表明，细胞代谢可通过表观遗传机制调控干细胞命运。葡萄糖及谷氨酰胺的代谢中间产物（α-酮戊二酸、乙酰辅酶A、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸）通过影响组蛋白、DNA和RNA的甲基化标记以及组蛋白乙酰化标记水平，表观调控干细胞的自我更新、增殖、分化等过程。细胞代谢与表观调控机制为疾病治疗提供新的思路。本文总结干细胞中葡萄糖及谷氨酰胺代谢图谱，阐述代谢产物介导表观遗传机制调控干细胞命运及其相关治疗应用。

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	3 周雅川2
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关键词 ：葡萄糖代谢, 谷氨酰胺代谢, 表观遗传学, 干细胞命运

Abstract：The metabolic status of stem cells varies with the developmental stage. In turn, cell metabolic patterns, particularly glucose and glutamine metabolism, affect stem cell biological activities. During differentiation, the energy metabolism of stem cells changes from glycolysis to tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. A large number of studies have shown that cell metabolism can regulate stem cell fate through epigenetic mechanism. Metabolic intermediates of glucose and glutamine (α -ketoglutarate, acetyl-CoA, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide) apparently regulate self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells by influencing methylation markers of histone, DNA and RNA and histone acetylation markers. Cell metabolism and epigenetic regulation provide new ideas for disease treatment. This paper summarizes the metabolic maps of glucose and glutamine in stem cells, and describes the metabolite mediated epigenetic mechanism regulating stem cell fate and its therapeutic application.

Key words： Glucose metabolism Glutamine metabolism Epigenetic Stem cell fates

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（81800927）；
国家自然科学基金面上项目（81771033）。

通讯作者: 周雅川（1991.2-），女，博士；研究方向：牙发育。

作者简介: 高诗祺（1995.6-），女，四川大学华西口腔医学院2018级儿童口腔医学专业在读硕士研究生；研究方向：儿童口腔医学。

引用本文:

高诗祺1,2,3 陈小倩1,2,3 汪宇1,2,3 郑黎薇1,2,3 周雅川2,3,4. 葡萄糖及谷氨酰胺代谢调控干细胞命运[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(30): 42-45.
GAO Shiqi1,2,3 CHEN Xiaoqian1,2,3 WANG Yu1,2,3 ZHENG Liwei1,2,3 ZHOU Yachuan2,3,4. Glucose and glutamine metabolism modulate stem cell fates#br#. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(30): 42-45.

链接本文:

https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/ 或 https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V18/I30/42

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