Abstract：Objective To analyze the application effect of non-inflated transaxillary approach lumpectomy versus thoracic breast approach in unilateral thyroid lobectomy. Methods Ninety-eight patients with unilateral thyroid nodules admitted to Shuyang Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2022 were selected and divided into control group (49 patients with unilateral thyroid lobectomy by lumpectomy through the thoracic breast approach) and observation group (49 patients with uninflatable unilateral thyroid lobectomy by lumpectomy through the axillary approach) by the random number table method. The surgery-related indicators, immune function, cosmetic satisfaction, and complications between the two groups were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the operative time between the two groups (P＞0.05). The postoperative drainage and intraoperative bleeding in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05); the postoperative hospital stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the two groups one day after surgery were lower than those before surgery, while those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05); the levels of CD8+ in the two groups one day after surgery were higher than those before surgery, while those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The satisfaction of the cosmetic effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion Compared with unilateral thyroid lobectomy by trans-thoracic breast approach lumpectomy, non-inflated transaxillary approach lumpectomy is more effective in patients with unilateral thyroid nodules, which can reduce surgical trauma, promote patient recovery, enhance satisfaction with cosmetic results, and have less impact on patient immune function, and is safe and reliable.
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